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# Arts कला فن

The term arts is a loosely defined term which varies from person to person and region to region but despite it there are some common aspects present in things identified as arts. These aspects are expression of thoughts, ideas, feelings in an advance way which links up directly with the heart and soul of the reciepient. Well known forms of art are poetry, songs, drawings, posters, animations, cravings, literature, articles, comedy, drama and architecture. As for Bhopal, popular form of arts were poetry that was Urdu Shayri, satire literature, Sufi songs, architecture especially for mosques. Nawabs or Begums made a big effort to beautify local mosques with engravings, drawings, calligraphy, fountains, stones, colors as to attract people towards them and provide a tranquil atmosphere inside it. The red stone cravings of Taj ul Masajid is a mesmerising experience.

# Archery

Archery is great hobby and its benefits are immense. Not just it can be a survival skill as to hunt and gather food or to defend person's life against hostiles but moreover it can build person's muscle strength, body coordination, aiming, mental strength, imagination and mind's ranging capabilities. Archery builds intelligence and sharpens ones mind. To start with it one must have a bow and some arrows, bows can be a simple D-bow, recurve bow, modern compound bow while arrows can be made from bamboo, wood, aluminium or carbon fiber but it should be light, straight, as thin as possible and must have balanced center of gravity. Archery also helps develop "instinctive shooting" which is advance for of aiming method where sub-concious mind and instinct takes aim and not any sights enabling the shooter to shoot rapidly without taking any time. For starting archery one needs basic equipment like a bow which can be made up of bamboo or wood or carbon fiber, a bowstring which can be non stretching syntehtic thread one use for fishing rods and arrows made up of bamboo, carbon fiber or wood. A decent powered bow is from 20-40 poundage.

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# Role of Science

Science has been instrumental in shaping the history of mankind right from the beginning to the date. Inventions and discoveries like that of fire, wheel, pottery, archery, animal husbandry, farming, tools making, discovery of copper, iron, steel. In the late medieval era Printing Press, magnetic compass, sextant, steam engine, electric motor, radio and television. Science has played a key role in this transformation of the mankind. At present the world is getting shaped by the technology of computers, satellite and other communications, artificial intelligence,internet, solar energy and electric vehicles. Process of science starts from keen observations in order to understand cause and effect relationships or nature of things followed by experiments to proof them, this is called scientific method. In today's world of globalization new observations, theories, ideas can spread rapidly through the internet. Science does not stems from expensive labs, books or infrastructure alone rather its the scientific method having mindset which uses reasoning, from where the science starts and than offcourse aided by the books, labs and infrastructure.

# Holkar State of Indore

On 29 July 1732, Bajirao Peshwa-I granted Holkar State by granting 28 and a half parganas to Malhar Rao Holkar, the founding ruler of the Holkar dynasty. Indore remained a major economic and military center of the Marathas and consolidated much of the Malwa region. During the time of Devi Ahilya Bai the capital moved to Maheswar but it again came back during British period. Maratha captured the territories from the Mughals of Malwa, Gujrat, Deccan, Gwalior and became governors or Subahdars such as Howlkars, Scindias, Gaekwads, Puars of Dewas. Maratha Cavalary, finances from heavy taxation, Pindari mercenaries were all to be credited for it.

On 24 December 1737, Maratha forces faught a decisive battle against Mughals and their vassals such as Nizam, Oudh, Bhopal at Doraha, near Bhopal. Maratha army won it by surrender of Mughal and allies giving control of Malwa to the Marathas and also paying the endimity arising out of the war. Bhopal was ruled by the Nawab Yar Mohammad Khan at that time when they surrendered to the Maratha leader.

# A.P.J Abdul Kalam

India's top scientist, director of DRDO and former President Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam was born on 15th October 1931 in Rameshwaram, Tamil Nadu. His father's name was Zainul Abideen and Mother's name was Ashiamma. He was 11th President of the Republic of India and died on 27th July 2015. He was also awarded with top civillian award of Bharat Ratna for his contribution in science and technology for the nation. Although he did many remarkable works for the nation, one to mention is Pokhran Nuclear testing during AB Vajyapaee's tenure of preimership Bhopal's Saint Michael School children were invited by him in the president house along its late principal Mr. Shakeel Muhammad and he also visited All Saint's College of Technology, Bhopal.

Dr.Kalam was known as very noble human being with high morals, character and selflessness. Many people still draw inspiration from his life and teachings especially in the area of science and technology, invention and innovations. He dedicated his life for the development of the nation and was very fond of children. More on science and technology

# Jehangirabad, Bhopal.

Nawab Jehangir Mohammed Khan Bahadur who ruled from 1837-1844 was vested with powers of chief of the state. It was Nawab Jehangir Khan built a new colony along the eastern coast of the Chota Talab (lower lake) which is known as Jehangirabad, named after its founder. The main purpose behind this colony was to be a cantonment for the Britishers and as a local garrison, as well. Additionally, Lal Kothi or present Raj Bhawan (governor house) and Minto Hall or Kushabhau Thakre Hall which use to be former Vidhan Sabha of Madhya Pradesh are located in this colony. Today the entire area is bastion of Madhya Pradesh Police, the seat of Director General of Police.

On its easter side, people from Uttar Prdesh and Bihar started to settle and this sub-colony is known as Jehangirabad Bazar, here local pet market is held every Saturday. There was a big stable to the north near Pul Pukhta once which is now known as Barkheri sub-colony. Bourbon Royal French family which was ousted by the French revolution in 1792 took refuge and still lives there and runs Bourbon School.